被动语态的八种基本结构
被动语态的八种基本结构如下：(1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如：Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。(2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如：The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。(3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如：The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。(4) 过去进行时：was/were being +过去分词。如：This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。(5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如：The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。(6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如：The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如：This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如：When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。
被动语态的各种形式
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。接下来，我给大家准备了被动语态的各种形式,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。 被动语态的各种形式 如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态，如“We clean the room every day.”;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语则是要用被动语态，如“The room is cleaned every day.” 被动语态的各种形式： 1) am/is/are +done I’m asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world. 2) has /have been done This book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 3) am/is /are being done A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city. 4) was/were done This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident. 5) had been done A new school had been set up by the end of last year. When the anthem1 had been played the conference2 began. 6) was/were being done The meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 7) shall/will be done More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 8) shall/will have been done The project will have been completed before July. Your clothes shall have been made for you soon. 9) should/would be done He told me that his new cloths would be made by his mother. 10) should/would have been done He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 扩展：常见的被动结构 1、SVO句型的被动结构 SVO句型中的谓语为单宾及物动词，其被动结构是：S + V(被动式) (+ by 短语 )。例如： He wrote1 the book two years ago. → The book was2 written by him two years ago. 这本书是他在两年前写的。 They are cleaning the house. → The house is being3 cleaned (by them). 房子正在被(他们)打扫。 You’re wanted on the phone. 有你的电话。 2、SVoO句型的被动结构 SVoO句型中的谓语动词为双宾及物动词，其被动结构是：S + V(被动式) + O/o(保留宾语) (+ by短语)。 需要说明的是，一般把间接宾语(表示人)作为被动句的主语，而把直接宾语(表示物)作为保留宾语。如果把直接宾语作为被动句的主语，则间接宾语作为保留宾语，它的前面通常要用介词to或for(视动词而定)。例如： My aunt gave4 me an apple. → I was given5 an apple. / An apple was given to me. 有人给了我一只苹果。[被动句中省略了by my aunt。] His mother bought him a new coat. → He was bought a new coat. / A new coat was bought for him. 有人给他买了一件新大衣。[被动句中省略了by his mother。] 3、SVOC句型的被动结构 SVOC句型中的谓语动词为复宾及物动词，其被动结构是：S + V(被动式) + C(主语补足语) (+ by短语)[1]。例如： People usually call me Jim for short. → I am usually called Jim for short. 我常常被人直呼吉姆。 They asked Mike to write soon. → Mike was asked to write soon. 迈克被要求尽快写信。 He made6 the baby laugh. → The baby was made to laugh (by him). 那个婴儿被(他)逗笑了。[请比较前后两句中的划线单词，被动句中需要加上to。] 在被动句中作主语补足语的不定式一律要带to，不论其作宾语补足语时是否带to(请见以上各例句)。 4、短语动词的被动结构 短语动词的被动结构是：S + V(被动式) + 介词/副词 (+ by短语)。例如： We have sent for a doctor. → A doctor has been sent for. 已经派人去请医生了。 I turned off7 the radio just now. → The radio was turned off just now. 收音机刚才(被)关掉了。 They are taking good care8 of the children. → The children are being taken good care of. 孩子们正在受到良好的照顾。 在将含有短语动词的主动句转换成被动句时，原短语动词中的介词或副词(如以上句中的for, off, of)不能遗漏。 5、带情态动词的被动结构 带情态动词的被动结构是：S + V(情态动词+主要动词的被动式) (+ by短语)。例如： You must do it at once. → It must be done at once. 这件事必须立即做。 We can see the park from the window. → The park can be seen9 from the window. 公园可以从窗户那里看到。 相关 文章 ： 1. 英语语法:被动语态用法大全 2. 语态学习:语态的基本概念与被动语态 3. 8个实用中学英语语法填空解题技巧 4. 英语语法知识考点总结:There be句型 5. 初中英语中的常见语法 6. 英语动词后加s的用法
